TMG.  XXII  Br. 3-4  Str. 201 - 218  Niš  jul - decembar  1998.
UDK 321.7:001(497.11)
Originalni naučni rad
Krstan Malešević
Petrovaradin
O DEMOKRATSKOJ TRANZICIJI U SRBIJI
Rezime
Kao što je dobro poznato, istočnoevropska društva i države su u poslednjoj deceniji zahvaćeni pravim tektonskim promenama. Otuda su kriza i (demokratska) tranzicija ključne odrednice i političkog i naučnog diskursa u njima. Protivreč ove tranzicije pretstavljaju pravi društveni eksperiment in vivo, a time i novi veliki izazov za društvene i humanističke nauke, pa i za preispitivanje nekih njihovih paradigmi. Moguće je da se to ponajviše odnosi na fatum demokratije, budući da ona nema civilizovane alternative za organizaciju i funkcionisanje modernih društava i da pretstavlja prvi i nezaobilazni uslov temeljne i celovite transformacije društva. Kako je demokratija, međutim, inače "bremenita neizvesnostima" (Held), to je logično da se upravo na ovom pitanju "testiraju" teorijski, metodološki i empirijski potencijali nauke. Naravno da se to podjeknako odnosi i na naše društvo, i to kako na njegov stratifikacioni sastav i institucionalni poredak, tako i na ukupnu "duhovnu situaciju vremena". Celovitijim promišljanjem fenomena demokratije, i posebno kompleksnijim istraživanjem složenih pretpostavki, izraženih protivrečja i potencijalnih subjekata demokratske tranzicije, nauka može i treba da odgovori na izazove modernizacije "danas i ovde". Sastavni deo tih napora treba da pretstavlja i pomoć u traganju za novim sadržajima ličnog, grupnog i kolektivnog identiteta.
Ključne reči: demokratija, demokratska tranzicija, društvena modernizacija, Srbija
ABOUT "DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION" IN SERBIA
Summary
As it is widely known, East-European societies and countries have been affected by serious tectonic changes during the last decade. Hence, the major guidelines of their political and scientific discourse are crisis and (democratic) transition. A counterpoint of this transition is a real social experiment in vivo, which is a new and intense challenge for both social and humanistic sciences, even for a reexamination of some of their paradigms. It is possible that this applies particularly to the fate of democracy, being that there is no civilized alternative for the organization and functioning of modern societies; it represents the first and the unavoidable condition for a fundamental and complete transformation of any society. Being that democracy itself bears "a burden of suspense" (Held), it seems quite logical that this issue is exactly the one on which theoretical, methodological and empirical potentials of science are "tested". This, most certainly, equally applies to our society, more specifically to its stratificational composition and institutional system, as well as to the entire "contemporary spiritual situation". By a more thorough consideration of the phenomenon of democracy, particularly a more complex study of its composite presumptions, pronounced contradictions and potential subjects of democratic transition, science could and should answer the challenges of modernization which concerns "the here and the now". Such efforts should also provide help in the search for the new contents of the personal, group and collective identity.
Key words: democracy, democratic transition, social modernisation, Serbia