УТИЦАЈ СТРЕСА И СТРАТЕГИЈЕ УКЛАЊАЊА ПРОБЛЕМA У ПОНАШАЊУ ОСОБА СА АУТИЗМОМ И ИНТЕЛЕКТУАЛНОМ ОМЕТЕНОШЋУ/INFLUENCE OF STRESS ON THE BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM AND INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY AND THE WAYS OF REMOVAL STRATEGY
Abstract
Проблеми у понашању особа са аутизмом и интелектуалном ометеношћу че- сто се испољавају као последица фрустрација изазваних спољашњим фактори- ма, осећајем емоционалне неиспуњености услед смањених социјалних интер- акција и подршке или субјективног осећаја незадовољства сопственим животом. Бројна истраживања показала су да су проблеми у понашању особа са аутизмом и интелектуалном ометеношћу значајно повезани са условима средине, квалите- том живота и присутвом стреса. Тип становања је од великог значаја за квалитет живота и психо-социјално стање особа са аутизмом и интелектуалном омете- ношћу. У циљу пружања квалитетне подршке одраслим особама са аутизмом и интелектуалном ометеношћу, неопходно је да што боље разумемо њихово пона- шање и његове негативне манифестације као што су агресивност и други облици проблема у понашању и да првенствено делујемо на њихов узрок ради прeвен- ције таквог понашања, не само на понашање као последицу дејства неповољних фактора. Поред наведеног, веома је важно и да у ситуацијама манифестације про- блема у понашању применимо адекватне мере њиховог уклањања.
Кључне речи: интелектуална ометеност, аутизам, проблеми у понашању, стрес, тип становања.
Behavior problems of people with autism as well as intellectual disability are often shown as the consequence of the frustrations caused by the outer factors and feelings of emotional emptiness which appear as the consequence of reduced social interactions and support or because of a subjective feeling of dissatisfaction with one’s personal life. The number of researches have tried to show the effects of changing the environmeent to the behaviour of the intellectually disabled people, and some results show that it is important to realise that the problems in behaviour are connected to the surrounding conditions, life quality and quantity of the stress present. The housing conditions are of great importance for the quality of life and psychosocial condition of people with autism and intelectual disability. With the aim of giving a quality support to the adult people with autism and intelectual disability it is very important to understand their behaviour and its negative manifestations like aggression and other issues in behaviour better and to deal firstly with their cause, in order to prevent that behaviour, and not focus only on the behaviour as the consequence of the effect of the negative factors. In addition, it is very important that, in situations when such behavioral problems manifest themselves, we apply the appropriate procedures for their removal.
Key words: intelectual disability, autism, behavioral problems, stress, type of housing.
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