TM G. XXIV Br. 1-2 Str. 149 - 159 Niš januar - jun 2000.
UDK 37.01„17”(497.11)
Pregledni rad
Natalija Jovanović
Filozofski fakultet, Niš
SRPSKA ŠKOLA U KULTURI VILAJETA
Rezime
Kulturni i duhovni okviri u kojima se razvijala srpska prosveta 18. veka bili su određeni političkim, materijalnim i kulturnim nasleđem iz prethodnih epoha. Tokom 18. veka srpski narod, vekovima lišen svoje države i osnovnih društvenih i kulturnih ustanova, nalazio se pod tuđinskom vlašću, teritorijalno i državno-pravno podeljen između Turske, Austrije i Venecije. Osnovne škole, u najprimitivnijem obliku, postojale su u srpskim krajevima i pod turskom i pod austrijskom vlašću (u Peći, Valjevu, Beogradu, Karlovcima, Budimu i po mnogim manastirima i parohijskim domovima). Škole su bile pod uticajem Srpske pravoslavne crkve i u njima je preovladavala atmosfera karakteristična za teške društvene okolnosti. Rigorozna disciplina održavana je uz pomoć pruta. Nezavidan materijalni položaj učitelja bio je određen njihovim društvenim položajem i nepovoljnim statusom koji su imali. Srpska pravoslavna crkva bila je još uvek jedina institucija srpskog naroda koja je na sebe preuzela ulogu organizatora celokupnog društvenog života. Crkva se, pod velikim političkim pritiskom i strogom kontrolom osvajača, organizovala na podizanju i očuvanju pravoslavnih hramova, otvaranju škola i vaspitanju mladih generacija u hrišćanskom duhu.
Ključne reči: prosveta, srpski narod, Srpska pravoslavna crkva,  škola, kultura.
THE SERBIAN SCHOOL IN THE CULTURE OF THE VILAYET
Summary
The cultural and the spiritual framework within which the Serbian 18th century culture had developed was pressured by the political, material and cultural heritage from the previous epochs. During the 18th century, the Serbian nation, deprived of its own country and fundamental social and cultural institutions, was under the foreign rule, divided, territorially and in terms of public law, among Turkey, Austria and Venice. Elementary schools, in their most primitive form, persisted on the Serbian land during the Turkish and the Austrian rule (in Pe}, Valjevo, Belgrade, Karlovci, Budim and in various other monasteries and parochial homes). The schools were strongly influenced by the Serbian Orthodox Church and the prevailing atmosphere in them was burdened by difficult social circumstances. A rigorous discipline was maintained by stick. The teachers' unenviable material position was determined by their social position and by their unfavorable status. The Serbian Orthodox Church was still the only institution of the Serbian nation which organized the entire social life. The Church, under the great political pressure and strictly controlled by the conquerors, was organized towards the raising and maintenance of Orthodox temples, opening of schools and bringing up of younger generations in the Christian spirit.
Key words: education, Serbs, Serbian Orthodox Church, school, culture.