TM
G. XX Br. 3-4 Str. 339 - 353 Niš jul - decembar 1997.
UDK
316.32 (497)
Prethodno saopštenje
Ljubiša Mitrović
Filozofski fakultet, Niš
GEOSTRATEŠKI ASPEKTI SUSRETA I SUKOBA RELIGIJSKIH KULTURA I CIVILIZACIJA
NA BALKANU
Rezime
Polazeći od teze da je Balkan uvek, kako po svom geopolitičkom položaju
tako i u kulturološkom pogledu, ne samo kroz istoriju već i u savremenosti,
predstavljao "zonu tranzicije i izbora", autor u radu razmatra odnos procesa
modernizacije i religije a posebno ulogu pojedinih oblika religijskih kultura
u geostrateškim konfrontacijama na ovom prostoru. U radu se najpre istražuju
analitičke mogućnosti i ograniče-nja pojedinih teorija i teorijskih koncepata
(kao što su teorija svetskog sistema, modernizacije, kulturnog konteksta
i sukoba civilizacija i akulturacije), da bi se potom, sa stanovišta teorije
sukoba i prožimanja različitih kultura, izvršila problematizacija pitanja
uticaja savremenih globalnih društvenih i političkih strategija na ovaj
prostor i u tom kontekstu istražila "propusna" moć, adaptivni kapaciteti
i otpor pojedinih nacionalnih i religijskih kultura, u odnosu na njihovo
geopolitičko dejstvo. Ukazujući na pozitivnu ulogu procesa globalizacije,
mondijalizacije, modernizacije i akulturacije u savremenom društvu, autor
smatra da savremeno svetsko društvo sve više postaje otvoreno društvo (koje
neguje multikulturnost, etničku i versku toleranciju razlika) koje afirmiše
fenomen "kulture bez granica". Autor pri tom kritički upozorava i na suprotne
tendencije fragmentacije svetskog društva i procese "planetarnog tribalizma".
U tom kontekstu, analizi-ra susret i sukob religijske kulture na Balkanu.
Ključne reči: Balkan, geostrateški aspekt, civilizacija, religijska
struktura, teorijski koncept
GEOSTRATEGIC
ASPECTS OF ENCOUNTERS AND CONFLICTS
OF RELIGIOUS
CULTURES AND CIVILIZATIONS IN THE BALKANS
Summary
Starting from the thesis
that the Balkans represented, both regarding the geo-political position
and the culturological status, not only in the past but in the modern times
as well, the zone of "transition and choice", the author of this paper
discusses the relation between the process of modernization and religion,
especially the role of some forms of religious cultures in geostrategic
confrontations on this territory. The paper first explores analytical possibilities
and limitations of particular theories and theoretical concepts (such as
the theory of the world system, modernization, cultural context and conflict
between civilization and acculturalization) in order to proceed, from the
standpoint of the theory of conflict and permeation of various cultures,
to reconsideration of the issues concerning the influence of modern global
social and political strategies on this territory; in this context, an
attempt is made to explore the potential for "permeability", adaptive capacities
and resistance of particular national and religious cultures with respect
to their geopolitical effect. By pointing to a positive role of the globalization
process, modernization and acculturalization in modern society, the author
thinks that modern world society is increasingly becoming an open society
(cherishing multiculturality as well as ethnic and religious tolerance
of differences) affirming the phenomenon of "culture with no borders".
The author also critically warns about opposing tendencies of fragmentation
of the worlds' society and of the processes of "planetary tribalism". In
this context, the author analyzes the encounter and conflict of religious
culture in the Balkans regarding the present state (of Orthodoxy, Islam
and Catholicism) thus pointing to their integrative and disintegrative
abilities, to the phenomenon of the mingling of the cultures, as well as
to the need for preserving the cultural and national identity and redefining
the issues of sovereignty in the light of newly induced changes at the
end of the 20th century.
Key words: the Balkans,
geostrategical aspect, civilization, religious structure, theoretical concept
